When it comes to tackling fungal skin infections, over-the-counter OTC topical antifungal creams are often the first line of defense.
These readily available medications work by inhibiting the growth of fungi or by directly killing them, offering relief from common conditions like athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm.
They are designed for external use, applied directly to the affected skin area, and can be highly effective when used correctly and consistently.
For anyone dealing with persistent or widespread fungal issues, it’s always wise to consult a healthcare professional, but for minor, localized infections, OTC options provide a convenient and accessible solution. Nzxt h7 flow 2024
You can find out more about effective OTC antifungals, especially for conditions like athlete’s foot, by visiting Otc topical antifungal cream.
Understanding Fungal Skin Infections
Fungal skin infections are incredibly common, impacting millions globally each year. These aren’t just minor irritations.
They can be quite uncomfortable, leading to itching, redness, flaking, and even pain.
Think about athlete’s foot tinea pedis, a notorious culprit, affecting an estimated 15-25% of the global population at any given time, often thriving in damp environments like locker rooms and public showers.
Then there’s jock itch tinea cruris, prevalent in warm, moist areas of the body, and ringworm tinea corporis, which, despite its name, isn’t caused by a worm but by a fungus, presenting as a circular rash. Nordvpn pricing
Types of Fungal Infections Addressed by OTC Creams
- Athlete’s Foot Tinea Pedis: Characterized by itching, stinging, and burning between the toes or on the soles of the feet. It can also cause blisters or peeling skin.
- Jock Itch Tinea Cruris: A common infection of the groin area, causing an itchy, red, often ring-shaped rash. More common in men and adolescent boys.
- Ringworm Tinea Corporis: A red, scaly, itchy, and circular rash that can appear anywhere on the body. The center of the rash may be clear, creating a ring-like appearance.
- Cutaneous Candidiasis: Caused by Candida fungi, often occurring in warm, moist, creased areas of the body such as the armpits, groin, or under the breasts.
- Pityriasis Versicolor Tinea Versicolor: A fungal infection that causes small, discolored patches on the skin, often on the torso and shoulders, and may be lighter or darker than the surrounding skin.
How Fungi Thrive and Spread
Fungi, microscopic organisms, thrive in warm, moist environments.
They are highly contagious and can spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or indirectly through contaminated surfaces like towels, floors, and clothing.
For instance, wearing tight, non-breathable shoes can create the perfect breeding ground for athlete’s foot.
The average humidity in a typical gym locker room can be as high as 70-80%, providing an ideal breeding ground for these microbes.
Understanding their preferred habitat is crucial for prevention. Nordvpn on firestick
Key Active Ingredients in OTC Antifungal Creams
When you grab an OTC antifungal cream, you’re usually getting one of a few powerhouse ingredients. These aren’t just random chemicals.
They’ve been specifically chosen for their ability to combat fungal growth, either by stopping them dead in their tracks or by disrupting their ability to reproduce.
Each type works a bit differently, targeting various aspects of the fungal cell.
Azoles e.g., Clotrimazole, Miconazole
Azoles are broad-spectrum antifungals, meaning they work against a wide range of fungi. Clotrimazole and Miconazole are two of the most common and effective azoles found in OTC creams. They primarily work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes. Without proper ergosterol, the fungal cell wall becomes unstable, leading to cell death. Studies show that Clotrimazole can achieve cure rates of over 80% for athlete’s foot with consistent use. These are often applied twice daily for 2-4 weeks, depending on the severity and type of infection.
- Mechanism: Disrupts ergosterol synthesis, leading to cell membrane instability.
- Common Uses: Athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm, candidiasis.
- Application: Typically applied twice daily for 2-4 weeks.
- Examples: Lotrimin AF Clotrimazole, Desenex Miconazole Nitrate.
Allylamines e.g., Terbinafine
Terbinafine stands out as a highly potent allylamine antifungal. Its mechanism involves inhibiting squalene epoxidase, an enzyme crucial for ergosterol synthesis. This leads to a buildup of squalene, which is toxic to the fungal cell, effectively killing it rather than just inhibiting its growth. This fungicidal action is why Terbinafine often has shorter treatment courses compared to azoles, sometimes as short as 1-2 weeks for athlete’s foot. Research indicates that Terbinafine can clear athlete’s foot infections in as little as 1 week for a significant percentage of users, with sustained cure rates reported at over 70% after 6 weeks. Nordvpn two year plan
- Mechanism: Inhibits squalene epoxidase, leading to squalene accumulation and fungal cell death.
- Common Uses: Athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm.
- Application: Often once daily for 1-2 weeks.
- Examples: Lamisil AT Terbinafine HCl.
Other Active Ingredients e.g., Tolnaftate, Butenafine
While azoles and allylamines dominate, other ingredients like Tolnaftate and Butenafine are also effective. Tolnaftate is a fungistatic agent, meaning it inhibits fungal growth rather than killing it directly, making it effective for prevention and milder cases. It has been used for decades and is generally well-tolerated. Butenafine, an benzylamine antifungal, is similar to allylamines in its mechanism and fungicidal action, often offering rapid relief and shorter treatment times.
- Tolnaftate:
- Mechanism: Inhibits fungal growth fungistatic.
- Common Uses: Athlete’s foot, ringworm.
- Application: Applied twice daily for 2-4 weeks.
- Examples: Tinactin Tolnaftate.
- Butenafine:
- Mechanism: Similar to allylamines, fungicidal.
- Common Uses: Athlete’s foot, ringworm, jock itch.
- Application: Once daily for 1-2 weeks.
- Examples: Lotrimin Ultra Butenafine HCl.
The choice of active ingredient often depends on the type of infection, its severity, and personal preference for application frequency and duration.
Always read the product label carefully to ensure proper use.
Proper Application and Treatment Duration
Using OTC topical antifungal creams isn’t just about slapping it on. it’s about precision and consistency. Think of it like a carefully executed plan.
The goal is to eradicate the fungal infection, not just suppress it temporarily. Nordvpn server
Improper application or stopping too soon is a major reason why infections recur.
Data suggests that non-adherence to full treatment courses accounts for a significant percentage of treatment failures, sometimes as high as 40-50% in patients with superficial fungal infections.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
- Clean and Dry the Area: This is absolutely critical. Fungi thrive in moisture. Before applying the cream, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. Pat it completely dry using a clean towel. For athlete’s foot, ensure between your toes are bone dry.
- Apply a Thin Layer: Don’t overdo it. A thin, even layer is all you need. Rub it gently into the skin, extending slightly beyond the visible rash to catch any spreading fungi.
- Wash Your Hands: Always wash your hands immediately after applying the cream to prevent spreading the infection to other parts of your body or to other people.
- Frequency: Most creams require application once or twice daily. Always follow the specific instructions on the product packaging. Some newer formulations, like certain Butenafine creams, might offer once-daily application for a shorter period, which can improve adherence.
- Consistency is Key: Apply the cream at the same times each day to maintain a consistent level of medication on your skin.
Understanding Treatment Duration
This is where many people slip up.
Just because the rash looks better doesn’t mean the fungi are gone. Fungal infections can be stubborn.
- Athlete’s Foot: Typically requires 2 to 4 weeks of treatment. For severe cases, or if symptoms persist, it might extend to 6 weeks. Some potent treatments like Terbinafine can clear it in 1-2 weeks.
- Jock Itch and Ringworm: Usually, 2 to 4 weeks of continuous application is recommended.
- Pityriasis Versicolor: Can sometimes take 2-4 weeks as well, depending on the specific antifungal and the extent of the infection.
Important Note: Continue using the cream for the entire recommended duration, even if your symptoms improve or disappear sooner. Stopping early is a common reason for recurrence. Imagine cutting down a tree but leaving the roots. it will grow back. The same principle applies here. If symptoms do not improve after 2-4 weeks, or if they worsen, it’s time to consult a healthcare professional. Nordvpn for firestick
When OTC Isn’t Enough: Recognizing Red Flags
While OTC topical antifungals are excellent for many common skin infections, there are clear instances when they simply aren’t enough, or when the underlying issue might be something more serious.
Relying solely on OTC treatments in these scenarios can delay proper diagnosis and potentially lead to complications.
It’s crucial to be an informed self-advocate for your health.
Signs Your Infection May Be More Serious
- No Improvement After 2-4 Weeks: If you’ve been diligently applying an OTC antifungal cream for the recommended duration usually 2-4 weeks, and you see no significant improvement, or worse, the condition is deteriorating, it’s a major red flag. This could mean the infection is caused by a different type of fungus that’s resistant to OTC options, or it might not be a fungal infection at all.
- Spreading or Worsening Rash: An infection that continues to spread rapidly, becomes increasingly red, painful, or develops pus or oozing warrants immediate professional attention. These could be signs of a secondary bacterial infection or a more aggressive fungal strain.
- Severe Symptoms: Intense pain, blistering, extensive cracking, or severe swelling are not typical for uncomplicated fungal infections and suggest a need for professional evaluation. For example, severe athlete’s foot can sometimes lead to cellulitis, a serious bacterial skin infection.
- Fever or Systemic Symptoms: If you develop a fever, chills, body aches, or swollen lymph nodes in conjunction with your skin rash, it indicates that the infection might be spreading systemically or that your body is fighting a more significant battle. This requires urgent medical assessment.
- Infections in Sensitive Areas: Fungal infections on the face, scalp, or nails often require stronger, prescription-strength medications, or even oral antifungals, as OTC creams are generally less effective in these areas. For instance, onychomycosis nail fungus penetrates deep into the nail bed, making topical OTC solutions largely ineffective, with cure rates often below 10%.
- Compromised Immune System: Individuals with weakened immune systems e.g., due to diabetes, HIV, chemotherapy, or certain medications are more susceptible to severe and persistent fungal infections. What might be a minor inconvenience for a healthy individual can become a serious problem for someone immunocompromised. They should seek medical advice promptly.
- Recurrent Infections: If you find yourself battling the same fungal infection repeatedly, despite proper treatment and preventive measures, a healthcare provider can help identify underlying causes, such as chronic exposure or a predisposed condition, and recommend a more definitive solution.
In these situations, a doctor can correctly diagnose the issue, rule out other skin conditions that mimic fungal infections like eczema or psoriasis, and prescribe stronger topical treatments, oral antifungal medications, or even combination therapies.
Don’t hesitate to seek professional help when these red flags appear. Nordvpn recommended servers
Early intervention can prevent discomfort and potential complications.
Preventive Measures and Lifestyle Hacks
Prevention is often the best cure, especially when it comes to fungal infections. These aren’t just about hygiene.
They’re about adopting smart lifestyle habits that create an unwelcoming environment for fungi.
Think of it as building a fortress against those pesky microbes.
Keeping Fungi at Bay
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Stay Dry, Stay Clean: Fungi absolutely love moisture. Nord vpn cost
- Dry Thoroughly: After showering or sweating, take extra time to thoroughly dry your skin, especially in skin folds groin, armpits, between toes, under breasts. A hairdryer on a cool setting can be surprisingly effective for hard-to-reach areas.
- Change Clothes Promptly: If you’ve been exercising or sweating, change out of damp clothes, socks, and underwear as soon as possible. Don’t let sweat linger on your skin.
- Breathable Fabrics: Opt for clothing made from natural, breathable fabrics like cotton or moisture-wicking synthetics, especially for underwear and socks. These materials allow air circulation and help keep skin dry. Avoid tight, synthetic clothing that traps moisture.
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Foot Care is Paramount: Your feet are prime targets for fungal infections.
- Wear Breathable Shoes: Choose shoes made of leather, canvas, or mesh that allow air to circulate. Rotate your shoes daily to allow them to dry out completely. A pair of shoes can retain moisture for up to 24 hours.
- Socks Matter: Wear moisture-wicking socks cotton or synthetic blends and change them daily, or more often if your feet sweat a lot.
- Protect in Public: Always wear flip-flops or shower sandals in public locker rooms, showers, swimming pools, and gyms. These are breeding grounds for fungi. Studies show that up to 70% of public shower floors can harbor fungal spores.
- Disinfect Shoes: Regularly disinfect your shoes, especially athletic footwear, with antifungal sprays or powders.
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Personal Hygiene Habits:
- Don’t Share: Avoid sharing towels, clothing, socks, shoes, or personal grooming items. This is a direct pathway for fungal transmission.
- Clean Surfaces: Regularly clean and disinfect surfaces in your bathroom, especially shower floors and tubs.
- Separate Laundry: If someone in your household has a fungal infection, wash their towels and clothing separately in hot water.
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Diet and Health: While not a direct prevention method, a balanced diet supports a strong immune system, which can better fight off infections. Limiting excessive sugar intake, some studies suggest, might help manage Candida overgrowth in some individuals, though more research is needed for definitive links to skin infections.
By integrating these simple, consistent habits into your daily routine, you significantly reduce your risk of contracting and recurring fungal skin infections, often negating the need for frequent OTC antifungal cream purchases.
Natural and Complementary Approaches With Caution
While over-the-counter creams are the go-to, some individuals explore natural remedies. It’s important to approach these with a healthy dose of skepticism and caution, as their efficacy isn’t always backed by robust scientific evidence, and they should never replace conventional medical advice for persistent or severe infections. In Islam, we are encouraged to seek both spiritual and physical remedies, but the latter should be scientifically sound and not based on superstitions or unproven claims. The Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him said, “For every disease, there is a cure.” This encourages us to seek effective treatments. Milwaukee bench saw
What Some People Try and Why You Should Be Wary
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Tea Tree Oil:
- Claim: Known for its antiseptic and antifungal properties. Some studies have shown it can be effective against certain fungi, particularly Tinea pedis athlete’s foot. A 2006 review noted that a 25% tea tree oil solution applied twice daily significantly improved athlete’s foot.
- Caution: It must be diluted e.g., a few drops in a carrier oil like coconut oil before applying to the skin, as undiluted tea tree oil can cause irritation, allergic reactions, or dermatitis. Always perform a patch test first. It is not a standalone cure for serious infections.
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Apple Cider Vinegar:
- Claim: Its acidic nature is believed to inhibit fungal growth.
- Caution: While anecdotal reports exist, there’s very limited scientific evidence to support its efficacy for fungal skin infections. Applying undiluted apple cider vinegar can cause significant skin irritation, burns, and dryness, especially on already compromised skin. Diluted solutions may offer some mild relief, but are unlikely to cure an established infection.
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Garlic:
- Claim: Contains allicin, which has purported antifungal properties.
- Caution: Applying raw garlic directly to the skin is highly irritating and can cause severe chemical burns and blistering. Its use in this manner is generally discouraged due to the risk of skin damage. While garlic has health benefits when consumed, its topical application for fungal infections is not a proven or safe method.
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Baking Soda Sodium Bicarbonate:
- Claim: Creates an alkaline environment that may inhibit fungal growth.
- Caution: Can help absorb moisture and reduce odor, which might indirectly aid in fungal prevention by creating a less hospitable environment. However, it is not an antifungal agent and will not kill or cure an infection. Excessive use can also dry out or irritate the skin.
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Oatmeal Baths: Mattress for heavy people with back pain
- Claim: Soothes irritated skin.
- Caution: While colloidal oatmeal is known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties for conditions like eczema, it does not possess antifungal properties. It can help alleviate symptoms like itching, but it will not treat the underlying fungal infection.
The Muslim Perspective on Remedies
Islam encourages us to seek beneficial and proven remedies. While intention is important, relying on unproven methods, especially when effective, scientifically-backed treatments are available, is not prudent. If something is causing harm or delaying effective treatment, it should be avoided. Always consult a qualified medical professional for diagnosis and treatment. They can provide the most appropriate and effective care based on proven medical science. Natural remedies can sometimes be used as complementary measures for symptom relief after discussing them with a doctor, but never as primary treatments for established infections.
Navigating the Pharmacy Aisle: Choosing the Right Product
Stepping into the pharmacy aisle for an antifungal cream can feel like navigating a maze.
There are dozens of options, different active ingredients, and varying claims.
Knowing how to choose the right one for your specific needs can save you time, money, and most importantly, get you on the fast track to relief.
Factors to Consider
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Type of Infection: Msi mpg b760i edge wifi
- Athlete’s Foot Tinea Pedis: Most OTC antifungal creams are highly effective here. Look for products containing Terbinafine, Clotrimazole, Miconazole, or Butenafine. Terbinafine often offers the shortest treatment duration 1-2 weeks.
- Jock Itch Tinea Cruris & Ringworm Tinea Corporis: Again, most of the active ingredients listed above are suitable. Application for 2-4 weeks is standard.
- Yeast Infections Cutaneous Candidiasis: Miconazole and Clotrimazole are generally very effective for Candida species.
- Pityriasis Versicolor: While some general antifungals can help, products specifically for Pityrosporum species might contain ingredients like selenium sulfide in shampoos or washes or ketoconazole. Topical creams with Clotrimazole or Miconazole can also be used.
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Active Ingredient Efficacy and Speed:
- Terbinafine Lamisil AT: Often considered one of the most potent OTC options, known for its fungicidal action and shorter treatment times often 1-2 weeks for athlete’s foot.
- Butenafine Lotrimin Ultra: Also fungicidal and can offer relatively quick results.
- Clotrimazole Lotrimin AF & Miconazole Desenex: Fungistatic inhibits growth but very effective with consistent use over 2-4 weeks.
- Tolnaftate Tinactin: Primarily fungistatic, good for milder cases and prevention, but often requires longer application.
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Formulation:
- Creams: The most common form, generally preferred for dry, scaly areas. They are easy to apply and absorb well.
- Gels: Lighter than creams, good for hairy areas, and can feel cooling.
- Sprays & Powders: Excellent for preventing recurrence, especially in shoes and socks, and for absorbing moisture in moist areas like feet or groin. They can be used as a complement to creams or for mild cases/prevention. Powders are great for athlete’s foot prevention.
- Lotions: Thinner than creams, good for larger areas or if you prefer a less greasy feel.
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Price Point: OTC antifungal creams are generally affordable. While generic brands are often just as effective as their brand-name counterparts, compare the active ingredients to ensure you’re getting the same compound.
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User Reviews: While not a substitute for medical advice, glancing at user reviews can sometimes provide insight into ease of use, texture, and absorption.
Making Your Choice
- For fast action on athlete’s foot, jock itch, or ringworm: Consider a product with Terbinafine or Butenafine for their fungicidal action and shorter treatment times.
- For general fungal infections and Candida: Clotrimazole or Miconazole are reliable choices.
- For preventing recurrence or managing mild cases: A Tolnaftate powder or spray can be very helpful, especially for athlete’s foot.
Always read the entire product label before purchase and use. Microsoft drive storage
Pay attention to the active ingredient, dosage instructions, duration of treatment, and any warnings.
If you’re unsure, ask a pharmacist for guidance – they are a valuable resource.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the best over-the-counter antifungal cream for athlete’s foot?
Many effective options exist, but Terbinafine e.g., Lamisil AT is often considered one of the best due to its fungicidal action, which kills the fungus, and its shorter treatment duration, often clearing athlete’s foot in 1 to 2 weeks. Other strong contenders include Butenafine e.g., Lotrimin Ultra, Clotrimazole e.g., Lotrimin AF, and Miconazole e.g., Desenex.
How long does it take for OTC antifungal cream to work?
The time it takes for OTC antifungal cream to work varies depending on the active ingredient, the severity of the infection, and consistent application.
Some fungicidal creams like Terbinafine can show significant improvement in 1-2 weeks, while fungistatic creams like Clotrimazole or Miconazole typically require 2-4 weeks of continuous use. Mattress sciatica
Always complete the full recommended treatment course, even if symptoms improve.
Can I use OTC antifungal cream for ringworm?
Yes, OTC antifungal creams are commonly used and very effective for treating ringworm tinea corporis. Look for creams containing active ingredients such as Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Terbinafine, or Butenafine. Apply for 2-4 weeks, as directed by the product label.
Is Lamisil AT better than Lotrimin AF?
Both Lamisil AT Terbinafine and Lotrimin AF Clotrimazole are effective. Lamisil AT Terbinafine is fungicidal, meaning it kills the fungus, and often has a shorter treatment duration 1-2 weeks for athlete’s foot. Lotrimin AF Clotrimazole is fungistatic, inhibiting fungal growth, and typically requires 2-4 weeks of treatment. The “better” one depends on your preference for treatment duration and the specific type of fungal infection.
Do antifungal creams expire?
Yes, antifungal creams, like most medications, have an expiration date printed on their packaging.
Using an expired cream is not recommended as its potency and effectiveness may be reduced, and it could potentially cause irritation or have no therapeutic effect. Lotrimin spray
Can I use OTC antifungal cream on my face?
It is generally not recommended to use standard OTC antifungal creams on the face without consulting a doctor, especially if the infection is near the eyes or mouth.
Facial skin is more sensitive, and some ingredients might cause irritation.
A doctor can diagnose facial rashes accurately, as they can mimic other conditions.
Can OTC antifungal cream be used for yeast infections candidiasis?
Yes, many OTC antifungal creams are effective for cutaneous yeast infections candidiasis on the skin. Look for creams containing Miconazole or Clotrimazole, as these are particularly effective against Candida species.
What happens if I stop using antifungal cream too early?
If you stop using antifungal cream too early, even if your symptoms have improved, the fungal infection is likely to return because not all fungal spores have been eliminated. Lotrimin ultra uk
It is crucial to complete the entire recommended treatment course to ensure complete eradication of the fungus and prevent recurrence.
Are there any side effects of OTC antifungal creams?
Yes, common side effects are usually mild and include skin irritation, redness, itching, burning, or stinging at the application site. Allergic reactions are rare but possible. If you experience severe irritation, a rash, or signs of an allergic reaction, stop use and consult a doctor.
Can I use OTC antifungal cream for nail fungus?
Generally, OTC topical antifungal creams are not very effective for nail fungus onychomycosis because the fungus grows deep within the nail bed, making it difficult for the cream to penetrate. Nail fungus often requires prescription-strength topical lacquers or oral antifungal medications.
How often should I apply OTC antifungal cream?
The application frequency depends on the specific product and active ingredient. Most OTC antifungal creams are applied once or twice daily. Always follow the specific instructions on the product’s packaging for optimal results.
Can I get OTC antifungal cream without a prescription?
Yes, the creams discussed Clotrimazole, Miconazole, Terbinafine, Butenafine, Tolnaftate are all available over-the-counter without a prescription in most pharmacies and drugstores.
What’s the difference between fungicidal and fungistatic creams?
Fungicidal creams like Terbinafine and Butenafine actively kill the fungus, often leading to shorter treatment times. Fungistatic creams like Clotrimazole and Miconazole inhibit the growth and reproduction of the fungus, allowing the body’s immune system to clear the remaining infection, typically requiring longer treatment durations.
Should I cover the area after applying antifungal cream?
No, it’s generally not recommended to cover the area with bandages or airtight dressings after applying antifungal cream unless specifically instructed by a doctor. Leaving the area exposed to air helps keep it dry, which is important for fungal eradication.
Can antifungal cream cause skin peeling?
Some antifungal creams, particularly those that are highly drying or irritating, can cause mild skin peeling as a side effect.
This can also be a sign that the infection is healing and the skin is shedding affected cells.
If peeling is severe or painful, consult a healthcare professional.
What if my fungal infection doesn’t get better with OTC cream?
If your fungal infection does not improve after 2-4 weeks of consistent OTC antifungal cream use, or if it worsens, spreads, or is accompanied by severe symptoms like fever or intense pain, you should consult a doctor. It might be a different type of infection, resistant fungus, or require prescription treatment.
Is it safe to use OTC antifungal cream during pregnancy?
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, it’s always best to consult your doctor before using any medication, including OTC antifungal creams. While many are considered low risk, a healthcare professional can advise on the safest options for your specific situation.
Can I use antifungal cream for athlete’s foot if I have diabetes?
Individuals with diabetes should be particularly cautious with skin infections, as they are more prone to complications. While OTC antifungal creams can be used, it’s highly recommended for diabetics to consult their doctor for any persistent or worsening foot infections to prevent more serious issues like ulcers or bacterial infections.
Can I use OTC antifungal cream for itchy scalp?
OTC topical creams are generally not effective for scalp fungal infections tinea capitis, which typically require oral antifungal medications due to the hair follicles being deep-seated. For itchy scalp, consult a doctor. it could be dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, or another condition.
How can I prevent fungal infections from coming back?
Prevention is key:
- Keep skin clean and thoroughly dry, especially skin folds.
- Wear breathable fabrics cotton, moisture-wicking.
- Change socks and underwear daily, or more often if sweaty.
- Wear flip-flops or shower shoes in public locker rooms and showers.
- Avoid sharing personal items like towels, shoes, or clothing.
- Ensure shoes are dry before wearing them again. rotate shoes.
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